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Water · Paper 1 — Free Biology HL Practice Questions

1FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A researcher adds molecule X to a liver cell extract. Molecule X is small, non-polar, and dissolves readily in the phospholipid bilayer. Which mechanism best describes how molecule X crosses the plasma membrane?

Solutions

2FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

When sodium chloride and glucose are each dissolved in water, which statement correctly compares the number of solute particles produced per formula unit of each solute?

Solutions

3FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water undergoes photolysis. Which molecule is produced directly from this photolysis of water?

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4FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A Paramecium caudatum cell, normally maintained in freshwater, is transferred into a salt solution whose solute concentration is higher than that of its cytoplasm. Which of the following best explains the change in cell volume observed immediately after transfer, before any osmoregulatory response occurs?

Solutions

5FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A water strider (Gerris sp.) is observed moving across the surface of a pond without breaking through. The legs of the water strider are hydrophobic and do not pierce the surface film. Which property of water directly enables the surface film to support the insect's weight?

Solutions

6FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A red blood cell is placed into a beaker of pure water. Which of the following correctly describes the net movement of water molecules and the resulting change in the cell?

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7FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A student places a small piece of starch agar gel into a beaker of distilled water. After 30 minutes, the gel has increased in mass due to water molecules entering the gel. Which property of water best explains why water molecules move into the gel in this way?

Solutions

8FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

Which property of water is directly responsible for the dissolution of sodium chloride, as the polar ends of water molecules surround and stabilise the separated

\text{Na}^+

and

\text{Cl}^-

ions?

Solutions

9FoundationMCQRole of water in living organisms1 markPaper 1~2 min

A small piece of liver tissue is added to a test tube containing hydrogen peroxide (

\text{H}_2\text{O}_2

). Bubbles of oxygen gas are immediately produced. Which property of water is most directly responsible for enabling the enzymatic reaction that generates these bubbles?

Solutions

10FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

A crystal of potassium permanganate is added to a beaker of distilled water. After several hours, the entire volume of water has a uniform purple colour. Which property of water best explains why the crystal dissolves and disperses evenly throughout the water?

Solutions

11FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

Which property of water best explains why glucose dissolves readily in water but vegetable oil does not?

Solutions

12FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

When sodium chloride dissolves in water, water molecules orientate themselves around each ion. Which orientation correctly shows how a water molecule is attracted to a chloride ion (Cl⁻)?

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13FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

Which property of water allows ionic compounds such as NaCl to dissolve, with

\text{Na}^+

and

\text{Cl}^-

ions becoming surrounded by water molecules?

Solutions

14FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

A student prepares two solutions: Solution X contains NaCl dissolved in water, and Solution Y contains iodine (

\text{I}_2

) dissolved in ethanol. Which statement best explains why NaCl dissolves readily in water but not in ethanol, while

\text{I}_2

dissolves readily in ethanol but not in water?

Solutions

15FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

Which property of water molecules allows ionic compounds such as sodium chloride to dissolve in seawater?

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16FoundationMCQWater as a solvent1 markPaper 1~2 min

Which property of glucose molecules is primarily responsible for their solubility in water?

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17FoundationMCQWater’s role in temperature regulation1 markPaper 1~2 min

A hiker with a body temperature of

37°C

drinks

500\text{ mL}

of water at

5°C

. The specific heat capacity of water is

4.2\text{ J g}^{-1}°C^{-1}

. Assuming all thermal energy is transferred from the body to the water with no heat loss to the surroundings, how much thermal energy, in kJ, does the hiker's body transfer to the water?

Solutions

18FoundationMCQWater’s role in temperature regulation1 markPaper 1~2 min

A person drinks

250\,\text{mL}

of water at

10°\text{C}

. The body temperature is

37°\text{C}

and the specific heat capacity of water is

4.2\,\text{J g}^{-1}°\text{C}^{-1}

. How much thermal energy, in kJ, must the body transfer to warm the water to body temperature?

Solutions

19FoundationMCQWater’s role in temperature regulation1 markPaper 1~2 min

A small pond (volume

2000\ \text{L}

) and a nearby puddle (volume

20\ \text{L}

) each receive the same solar energy input of

8400\ \text{kJ}

. The specific heat capacity of water is

4.2\ \text{kJ kg}^{-1}\ \text{°C}^{-1}

, and the density of water is

1\ \text{kg L}^{-1}

. What are the temperature increases of the pond and the puddle respectively?

Solutions

20FoundationMCQWater’s role in temperature regulation1 markPaper 1~2 min

A swimming pool contains 50 000 L of water (density = 1 kg L

^{-1}

). On a sunny day, the water absorbs

8.4 \times 10^4

kJ of thermal energy. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 kJ kg

^{-1}

°C

^{-1}

. Which of the following correctly states the temperature increase and explains its biological significance for aquatic organisms?

Solutions

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