Thermodynamics · Paper 1 — Free Physics HL Practice Questions

A gas is compressed rapidly in a cylinder fitted with a movable piston. The work done on the gas is $200\text{ J}$ and the internal energy of the gas increases by $150\text{ J}$. What is thermal energy transferred between the gas and its surroundings during this process?

A heat engine operates between a hot reservoir at $500 \text{ K}$ and a cold reservoir at $300 \text{ K}$. In each cycle the engine absorbs $1000 \text{ J}$ of thermal energy from the hot reservoir. What is the maximum work output per cycle?

A gas in a cylinder with a movable piston receives $150 \text{ J}$ of thermal energy and does $80 \text{ J}$ of work on the piston. What is the change internal energy of the gas?

A heat engine operates between a hot reservoir at $500 \text{ K}$ and a cold reservoir at $300 \text{ K}$. In one cycle, the engine extracts $600 \text{ J}$ from the hot reservoir and rejects $400 \text{ J}$ to the cold reservoir. Which statement correctly describes this engine?