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Gas Laws · Paper 2 — Free Physics SL Practice Questions

1MasterySAQ-SReal gases and deviations from ideal gas behaviour3 marksPaper 2~5 min

Data

Z = \frac{PV}{nRT}, \quad R = 0.08206\,\text{L\,atm\,mol}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1}

The graph below shows the isotherms (

PV

curves) for a real gas at three different temperatures

T_1 < T_2 < T_3

, compared to the ideal gas isotherm (dashed line).

(a)

Describe how temperature affects the deviation from ideal gas behaviour, as shown by the graph. [2 marks]

(b)

At temperature

T_2 = 300\,\text{K}

, a

1.00\,\text{mol}

sample of the gas occupies

V = 0.500\,\text{L}

at a measured pressure of

P = 40.0\,\text{atm}

. (i) Calculate the compressibility factor

Z

for the gas under these conditions. [2]
(ii) State and explain whether attractive or repulsive intermolecular forces dominate at this state. [1 mark]

Solutions

2ChallengeSAQ-LBoyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s law7 marksPaper 2~11 min

A student performs an experiment to verify Boyle's law using a gas syringe. The following data are recorded for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature

T_1 = 300\,\text{K}

P\,/\,10^5\,\text{Pa}

—

V\,/\,\text{cm}^3

1.00

—

20.0

2.00

—

9.6

4.00

—

5.0

(a)

Calculate the product

PV

for each data point and identify which measurement is inconsistent with Boyle's law (

PV = k

). State the value of

k

that the consistent data support. [2 marks]

(b)

The student heats the gas at constant volume from

T_1 = 300\,\text{K}

until the pressure doubles. Determine the new temperature

T_2

. [2 marks]

(c)

Explain, using kinetic molecular theory, why the product

PV

remains constant when temperature is constant. [2 marks]

(d)

Evaluate one source of systematic error in this syringe experiment that could cause a data point to deviate from

PV = k

. [1 mark]

Solutions

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