Properties of Acids and Bases
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Properties of Acids and Bases — Free MYP4 Chemistry Practice Questions

1QuestionConductivity of Acidic and Basic SolutionsConcept Practice
3 marks~5 minCriterion A
The table below shows the conductivity of hydrochloric acid (HClHCl) solutions at four concentrations.

Concentration (M)0.10.51.02.0
Conductivity (S/m)0.421.983.857.50
a
Identify the trend shown in the data. [1]
b
Explain why increasing the concentration of HClHCl increases the number of mobile ions in solution. [1]
c
Analyse how the relationship between mobile ion concentration and conductivity accounts for the pattern observed in the data. [1]
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Solutions

2QuestionConductivity of Acidic and Basic SolutionsAssessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion C
A student measures the conductivity of hydrochloric acid (HCl\text{HCl}) and acetic acid (CH3COOH\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}) at three concentrations.

Concentration (mol/L): 0.1, 0.5, 1.0

Conductivity of HCl\text{HCl} (mS/cm): 4.3, 21.5, 43.0

Conductivity of CH3COOH\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} (mS/cm): 0.5, 1.1, 1.6
a
Describe the relationship between concentration and conductivity for each acid. [2]
b
Justify why the conductivity of HCl\text{HCl} is much greater than that of CH3COOH\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} at the same concentration, using the concept of dissociation. [2]
c
The student tests 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid (H2SO4\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4). Analyse whether its conductivity would be greater than, equal to, or less than that of 0.5 mol/L HCl\text{HCl}, and explain why it would not be exactly double. [2]
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Solutions

3QuestionCommon Examples and Uses of Acids and BasesAssessment Practice
8 marks~12 minCriterion D
Acid rain has lowered the pH of many Scandinavian lakes to below 5, causing widespread loss of fish populations. Environmental agencies have responded by aerially distributing powdered limestone (CaCO3CaCO_3) across affected lakes.
a
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between limestone and the acid present in lake water, represented as H+H^+ ions. State the role of CaCO3CaCO_3 in this reaction. [2]
b
Explain how this neutralization treatment affects the aquatic ecosystem of an acidified lake. [2]
c
Evaluate the societal and environmental trade-offs of using limestone liming as a long-term strategy to manage acid rain damage. [4]
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Solutions

4QuestionLaboratory Safety When Handling Acids and BasesAssessment Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion B
During a chemistry practical, four acid/base accidents were investigated.

Accident 1 — Hazard: acid splash to eyes | Cause: beaker tipped on bench | Missing precaution: goggles

Accident 2 — Hazard: base spill spreading across bench | Cause: bottle knocked off shelf | Missing precaution: spill tray

Accident 3 — Hazard: hand cut from broken glass | Cause: beaker dropped while carrying | Missing precaution: gloves

Accident 4 — Hazard: fume inhalation | Cause: acid–base reaction performed in open air | Missing precaution: fume hood

Accident 5 — Hazard: acid burn on hand | Cause: pouring concentrated acid into a beaker

Analyse the relationship between the missing safety precaution and the type of hazard in Accidents 1–4, then justify which single precaution would most likely prevent the injury in Accident 5. [2]

Solutions

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