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Lifestyle Diseases — Free MYP5 Biology Practice Questions
1QuestionCommunicable DiseasesConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
The diagram shows two pathogens. Pathogen A contains a protein coat and genetic material only. Pathogen B contains a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.
a
Identify which pathogen is not cellular and state the term used to classify this type of pathogen. [1]
b
State one communicable disease caused by this type of pathogen. [1]
Solutions
2QuestionCauses of Lifestyle DiseasesAssessment Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion D
A government health agency proposes banning sugary drink advertising near schools to reduce type 2 diabetes rates. Beverage companies argue this infringes their right to advertise legal products.
a
Outline the ethical conflict between the public health goal and the commercial rights of beverage companies. [1]
b
Explain one limitation of using advertising bans alone to reduce type 2 diabetes rates, referring to either a biological or a social factor. [1]
Solutions
3QuestionNon-Communicable Diseases OverviewAssessment Practice
4 marks~6 minCriterion A
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a healthy artery alongside an artery affected by atherosclerosis.
a
Identify two components that accumulate within the artery wall during the development of atherosclerosis. [1]
b
Explain how the accumulation of these components narrows the lumen and reduces blood flow to downstream tissues. [2]
c
Analyse how a narrowed arterial lumen leads to an increase in blood pressure, referring to both resistance and cardiac response. [1]
Solutions
4QuestionCommunicable DiseasesAssessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion D
A government must choose between two public health interventions: (1) a nationwide tax on sugary drinks to reduce obesity, and (2) increased funding for measles vaccination programmes. Measles has a basic reproduction number () of approximately 12–18. Obesity-driven type 2 diabetes progresses over decades through chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, whereas measles has an incubation period of approximately 10–12 days.
a
Explain one positive and one negative societal impact of the sugar tax, using biological reasoning in each case. [2]
b
Analyse the societal and environmental impacts of prioritising the sugar tax over the vaccination programme. In your answer, refer to herd immunity, disease transmission, and plastic or medical waste. [2]
c
Evaluate the limitations of using a single cost-benefit model to compare these two interventions. In your answer, refer to biological time scales, ethical considerations, and methodological constraints. [2]
Solutions
5QuestionCauses of Lifestyle DiseasesAssessment Practice
7 marks~11 minCriterion B
A study tracked 20 adults over five years, recording BMI, weekly physical activity (hours), and fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) at the start and end. The table below shows the five-year change in blood glucose for four representative individuals.
| Individual A | BMI 22 | activity 7 h/week | glucose change mmol/L |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual B | BMI 28 | activity 3 h/week | glucose change mmol/L |
| Individual C | BMI 32 | activity 1 h/week | glucose change mmol/L |
| Individual D | BMI 35 | activity 0 h/week | glucose change mmol/L |
a
Interpret the pattern relating BMI, physical activity, and blood glucose change. State a general rule that predicts the risk of progressing from prediabetes to Type 2 diabetes based on these two factors. [2]
b
Deduce the expected five-year blood glucose change for an individual with BMI 30 and 2 h/week of physical activity. Show your reasoning. [2]
c
Justify why high BMI and low physical activity each contribute to rising blood glucose, and explain why their combined effect is greater than either factor alone. [3]
Solutions
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