Combustion of fuels and pollutant formation
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Combustion of fuels and pollutant formation — Free MYP5 Chemistry Practice Questions

1QuestionComplete vs incomplete combustionConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
A Bunsen burner produces a blue flame when the air hole is fully open and a yellow flame when the air hole is partially closed. Soot deposits are visible near the yellow flame.
a
Identify the black substance deposited as soot. [1]
b
Explain why soot forms when the air hole is partially closed rather than fully open. [1]
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Solutions

2QuestionFormation of carbon monoxide and sootAssessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion C
A family installs a gas heater that burns methane (CH4CH_4). A blocked air vent restricts the oxygen supply, causing incomplete combustion and producing carbon monoxide (COCO) rather than carbon dioxide (CO2CO_2).
a
Explain why a restricted oxygen supply leads to the formation of COCO instead of CO2CO_2 during combustion. Include the balanced chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of methane producing COCO and water (H2OH_2O). [2]
b
Explain how inhaled carbon monoxide affects the ability of blood to transport oxygen to body tissues. [2]
c
The family installs a single COCO detector in the basement. Analyse the limitations of this safety arrangement for a multi-storey house and justify a specific improvement to their safety plan. [2]
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Solutions

3QuestionComplete vs incomplete combustionConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion B
Four trials of burning methane (CH4\text{CH}_4) are conducted, each using 5.0 g of fuel. The oxygen-to-fuel ratio is varied across trials.

Trial1234
Oxygen-to-fuel ratio1.5:12.0:12.5:13.0:1
Flame colouryelloworange-yellowblue-yellowblue
Soot producedheavymoderateslightnone
a
Deduce the relationship between oxygen-to-fuel ratio and soot production shown by these results. [1]
b
Identify the controlled variable and the manipulated variable in this experiment. [1]

Solutions

4QuestionComplete vs incomplete combustionAssessment Practice
8 marks~12 minCriterion D
A city council is considering replacing its diesel bus fleet with compressed natural gas (CNG) buses. The following data are available.

Diesel: energy content 36.4 MJ/L36.4 \ \text{MJ/L}; CO2_2 emission factor 2.68 kg CO2/L2.68 \ \text{kg CO}_2\text{/L}; particulate matter (PM) emission factor 0.12 g PM/km0.12 \ \text{g PM/km}; fuel consumption 0.40 L/km0.40 \ \text{L/km}.

CNG: energy content 38.2 MJ/m338.2 \ \text{MJ/m}^3; CO2_2 emission factor 2.75 kg CO2/m32.75 \ \text{kg CO}_2\text{/m}^3; PM emission factor 0.005 g PM/km0.005 \ \text{g PM/km}; fuel consumption 0.35 m3/km0.35 \ \text{m}^3\text{/km}.
a
Calculate the CO2_2 emissions per kilometre for each fuel type. [2]
b
Using your results from (a) and the PM data, deduce which fuel type produces more energy per unit of CO2_2 emitted, and explain what this reveals about the relative carbon intensity of each fuel. [2]
c
Evaluate whether the council should switch to CNG buses, considering both the societal benefit from reduced PM emissions and the environmental impact of CO2_2 emissions. In your evaluation, identify and discuss two limitations of the data model provided. [4]
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Solutions

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