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Pressure — Free MYP5 Physics Practice Questions
1QuestionHydraulic SystemsConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
A hydraulic lift is used in a car repair workshop to raise vehicles. A simplified diagram of the system is provided, showing two pistons connected by a sealed chamber. The components are unlabelled.
Identify the following components by writing the correct term next to the arrow pointing to each part:
Identify the following components by writing the correct term next to the arrow pointing to each part:
1
Input piston [1]
2
Output piston [1]
Solutions
2QuestionHydraulic SystemsAssessment Practice
4 marks~6 minCriterion C
A student builds a model hydraulic system using two syringes of different cross-sectional areas, connected by a tube filled with water. The input syringe has a cross-sectional area of 2 cm² and the output syringe has a cross-sectional area of 6 cm². A force of 10 N is applied to the input piston.
a
State the property of liquids that makes them suitable as the working fluid in a hydraulic system. [1]
b
The student replaces the water with air. Explain how this change affects pressure transmission in the system, with reference to compressibility. [2]
c
Evaluate the consequences of using a compressible fluid in a real hydraulic braking system. [1]
Solutions
3QuestionHydraulic SystemsAssessment Practice
12 marks~18 minCriterion D
Hydraulic brakes are used in most modern cars. A simplified system consists of a master cylinder (piston area ) connected by brake fluid to a wheel cylinder (piston area ). A driver applies a force of to the master piston.
a
State Pascal's principle and use it to calculate the force exerted by the wheel cylinder piston on the brake pad. [3]
b
Explain how the incompressibility of brake fluid and the difference in piston areas together make hydraulic brakes more effective than a mechanical cable system. [3]
c
Analyse two limitations of hydraulic brake systems, considering both safety and environmental impact. For each limitation, explain the consequence and suggest one way it could be mitigated. [6]
Solutions
4QuestionPressure in Liquids / GasesAssessment Practice
12 marks~18 minCriterion D
A small town is debating whether to permit hydraulic fracturing (fracking) for natural gas extraction. Fracking involves pumping fluid at very high pressure into shale rock formations deep underground. The pressure fractures the rock, opening pathways through which trapped natural gas can escape and be collected. Local residents, energy companies, and environmental groups each hold different views on whether the town should proceed.
a
Explain how the physics of pressure in fluids makes fracking work. [2]
b
Identify one economic benefit and one environmental risk of fracking for the town, linking each to the high-pressure fluid injection process. [4]
c
Evaluate whether conducting an environmental impact assessment (EIA) before fracking begins is sufficient to guarantee the long-term safety and sustainability of the operation. [6]
Solutions
5QuestionHydraulic SystemsAssessment Practice
12 marks~18 minCriterion A
A hydraulic jack lifts a car using an output piston of area . A student records output force and input force for three different input piston areas, producing three straight lines (A, B, C) through the origin on the graph provided. The input piston area for line A is .
a
Deduce the pressure of the hydraulic fluid from line A. Show all working. [3]
b
Calculate the input piston areas for lines B and C, using their slopes from the graph. Show all working. [4]
c
Analyse how all three lines on the graph would change if the output piston area were doubled to , while all input piston areas remain unchanged. [5]
Solutions
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