IB Middle Years Programme · Mathematics MYP Year 1

Algebra and Expressions

Cover illustration for Algebra and Expressions (Mathematics MYP Year 1).
MYP · Mathematics MYP Year 1

Algebra and Expressions

MYP Mathematics Framework — Number & Algebra strand (Algebraic expressions and equations)

19 min readFoundationalCore strand of Number & Algebra — appears in every unit test and in Criterion A/B investigation tasks

Every letter you meet from here on is doing one of two jobs: standing in for a number you don't know yet, or one that keeps changing. MYP1 algebra is really just two skills stacked together — tidying expressions up (simplifying) and using letters to model a real situation (word problems, formulae, graphs). Get sharp at spotting like terms and reading what a coefficient or constant actually tells you, because every question type below leans on exactly that.

Overview — The Shape of This Chapter

What 'algebra' actually means at this level

Algebra replaces a specific number with a letter so a rule works for every possible value at once. isn't 'unknown maths' — it's a compressed instruction: 'take whatever is, multiply by 3, add 2.' Everything in this topic is either building that instruction, tidying it up, or evaluating it for a particular value.

  • An expression never has an equals sign — it's simplified, not solved.
  • A term is one chunk separated by or ; an expression is made of one or more terms.
  • Two skills get tested constantly: combining like terms correctly, and reading meaning out of an expression's parts (coefficient, constant, variable).

The shape of the chapter

Command terms this topic uses constantly

Command termWhat it demandsAOMark-earning move
IdentifyPick out and name the exact feature asked forAO11 mark for naming it correctly — extra explanation earns nothing but costs time
DescribeGive a full account in words of a process or featureAO2Mark is for correctly stating the METHOD/feature, not for repeating the numeric answer
CalculateShow working and reach a numerical or algebraic answerAO1/AO2Method mark awarded for a correct step even if the final simplification slips
StateGive a short answer with no working requiredAO11 mark for the correct answer alone — working is not needed but doesn't hurt
CompareIdentify a similarity AND a difference between two thingsAO3Marks split between 'same' and 'different' — giving only one loses half the marks
ExplainGive a reason — the 'why', not just the 'what'AO3A bare statement with no justification scores zero even if it's true

Key point

Every algebra mark in MYP1 comes from three habits: circling matching letters before you add anything, writing every step instead of jumping to the answer, and checking your simplified expression genuinely can't be tidied any further.

Overview