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Wave Model · Paper 2 — Free Physics HL Practice Questions

1FoundationSAQ-LWave equations7 marksPaper 2~11 min

A wave pulse travelling along a string is described by

y(x,t) = \frac{0.50}{(x - 2t)^2 + 1}

where

x

and

y

are in metres and

t

is in seconds.

(a)

State the speed and direction of propagation of this pulse. [2 marks]

(b)

The table below shows values of

y

calculated at

t = 0

and at

t = 1.0\ \text{s}

x

/ m —

y

t = 0

/ m —

y

t = 1.0\ \text{s}

/ m 0.0 — 0.50 — 0.10 1.0 — 0.25 — 0.50 2.0 — 0.10 — 0.25 3.0 — 0.050 — 0.10 Determine the displacement of the peak of the pulse between

t = 0

and

t = 1.0\ \text{s}

, and show that this is consistent with your answer to (a). [2 marks]

(c)

State one advantage of using a pulse function, rather than a sinusoidal wave function, to model wave motion on a string. [1 mark]

(d)

Explain one limitation of the pulse model

y(x,t) = \dfrac{0.50}{(x - 2t)^2 + 1}

when applied to real wave behaviour on a string. [2 marks]

Solutions

2FoundationSAQ-SProperties of waves (amplitude, frequency, wavelength, speed)5 marksPaper 2~8 min

A seismic P-wave travels through the Earth at a speed of

8.0 \text{ km s}^{-1}

and has a frequency of

2.0 \text{ Hz}

(a)

State the relationship between wave intensity

I

and wave amplitude

A

. [1 mark]

(b)

A second seismic wave of the same frequency has an amplitude three times greater than the first wave. Determine the ratio

\dfrac{I_2}{I_1}

of their intensities. [2 marks]

(c)

Calculate the wavelength of the seismic P-wave. Give your answer in metres. Useful relationships:

v = f\lambda

1 \text{ km} = 1000 \text{ m}

[2 marks]

Solutions

3FoundationSAQ-SProperties of waves (amplitude, frequency, wavelength, speed)5 marksPaper 2~8 min

A light wave in vacuum has a wavelength of 500 nm and travels at

3.0 \times 10^8 \text{ m s}^{-1}

(a)

Calculate the frequency of the light wave. [2 marks]

(b)

The light enters a glass block in which its speed is

2.0 \times 10^8 \text{ m s}^{-1}

. Determine the wavelength of the light inside the glass. [2 marks]

(c)

Deduce whether the frequency of the light changes as it enters the glass. [1 mark]

Solutions

4MasterySAQ-STypes of waves: Transverse and longitudinal5 marksPaper 2~8 min

A loudspeaker produces a sound wave that travels through air toward a microphone placed 1.7 m away. The sound wave has a frequency of 200 Hz and a wavelength of 1.7 m.

(a)

State the type of wave that sound is. [1 mark]

(b)

Describe how energy is transferred from the loudspeaker to the microphone. Refer to the motion of the air particles and the pattern of pressure variation produced. [2 marks]

(c)

State one difference between the direction of particle oscillation in this sound wave and in a transverse wave travelling along a stretched string. [1 mark]

(d)

Justify why a sound wave cannot propagate as a transverse wave through air. [1 mark]

Solutions

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