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Ecosystems and Biomes — Free MYP3 Sciences Practice Questions
1QuestionDefinition and Components of an EcosystemConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
The diagram below shows components found in a pond ecosystem.
Pond components: Fish · Water · Rocks · Lily pads (plants) · Sunlight · Air (oxygen) · Bacteria
(a) Identify the biotic components and the abiotic components from the list above. Write each component under the correct heading. [2]
Biotic components: ___, ___, ___
Abiotic components: ___, ___, ___, ___
Pond components: Fish · Water · Rocks · Lily pads (plants) · Sunlight · Air (oxygen) · Bacteria
(a) Identify the biotic components and the abiotic components from the list above. Write each component under the correct heading. [2]
Biotic components: ___, ___, ___
Abiotic components: ___, ___, ___, ___
Solutions
2QuestionDefinition and Components of an EcosystemAssessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion D
A student investigates a local pond ecosystem. Fertilizer runoff from a nearby farm has caused excessive algae growth, covering the water surface and blocking sunlight from reaching deeper parts of the pond.
a
Identify one biotic component and one abiotic component of this pond ecosystem that are directly affected by the algae bloom. Give a specific example of each. [2]
b
Explain how the algae bloom disrupts the pond's food web. [2]
c
A farmer proposes completely removing all algae from the pond. Analyse whether this is an effective long-term solution to the problem. [2]
Solutions
3QuestionDefinition and Components of an EcosystemConcept Practice
3 marks~5 minCriterion C
The bar graph below shows the energy available at each trophic level in a grassland ecosystem.
Trophic level — Energy available (kJ): Producers — 10 000, Primary consumers — 1 000, Secondary consumers — 100, Tertiary consumers — 10.
Trophic level — Energy available (kJ): Producers — 10 000, Primary consumers — 1 000, Secondary consumers — 100, Tertiary consumers — 10.
a
Describe the trend in energy from producers to tertiary consumers. [1]
b
Explain why energy decreases between trophic levels. [1]
c
A student claims that a tertiary consumer receives 1% of the energy originally available at the producer level. Using the data, evaluate whether this claim is correct. [1]
Solutions
4QuestionDefinition and Components of an EcosystemAssessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion B
An ecologist recorded the number of organisms in four ecosystems.
| Forest | producers 5000 | primary consumers 800 |
|---|---|---|
| Grassland | producers 3000 | primary consumers 600 |
| Pond | producers 2000 | primary consumers 400 |
| Desert | producers 500 | primary consumers 100 |
a
Calculate the ratio of producers to primary consumers for each ecosystem. Describe the pattern you see. [2]
b
A fifth ecosystem has 4000 producers. Apply the pattern from part (a) to predict the number of primary consumers. Show your working. [2]
c
Ecosystem D (Desert) supports far fewer organisms at every level than Ecosystem A (Forest). Using the concept of energy flow between trophic levels, explain why the number of producers is always greater than the number of consumers in any ecosystem. [2]
Solutions
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