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Structure of the Atom — Free MYP5 Chemistry Practice Questions
1QuestionAtomic Number Mass Number and Nuclear SymbolConcept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in archaeological dating. Its nucleus contains 6 protons and 8 neutrons.
a
Deduce the mass number and atomic number of carbon-14. [1]
b
Construct the complete nuclear symbol for this atom, showing the mass number and atomic number in their correct positions relative to the element symbol. [1]
Solutions
2QuestionAtomic Number Mass Number and Nuclear SymbolAssessment Practice
3 marks~5 minCriterion D
Technetium-99m (nuclear symbol: ) is a radioisotope widely used in medical imaging. Its half-life is approximately 6 hours.
a
Deduce the number of protons and the number of neutrons in one atom of technetium-99m. [1]
b
Explain how the atomic number and mass number of technetium-99m together make it suitable for safe use as a medical imaging tracer. [1]
c
Evaluate one limitation of using radioactive isotopes with short half-lives in medical diagnostics. [1]
Solutions
3QuestionAtomic Number Mass Number and Nuclear SymbolAssessment Practice
5 marks~8 minCriterion C
A mass spectrometer analysed pure samples of neon (Ne), magnesium (Mg), and chlorine (Cl). The isotopic data obtained are shown below.
Neon — m/z: 19.99 (90.48%), 20.99 (0.27%), 21.99 (9.25%)
Magnesium — m/z: 23.99 (78.99%), 24.99 (10.00%), 25.99 (11.01%)
Chlorine — m/z: 34.97 (75.78%), 36.97 (24.22%)
Accepted average atomic masses: Ne = 20.18, Mg = 24.31, Cl = 35.45.
Neon — m/z: 19.99 (90.48%), 20.99 (0.27%), 21.99 (9.25%)
Magnesium — m/z: 23.99 (78.99%), 24.99 (10.00%), 25.99 (11.01%)
Chlorine — m/z: 34.97 (75.78%), 36.97 (24.22%)
Accepted average atomic masses: Ne = 20.18, Mg = 24.31, Cl = 35.45.
a
Calculate the weighted average atomic mass for each element using the data above. Show all working. [3]
b
Deduce whether your calculated values are consistent with the accepted periodic table values, giving a quantitative comparison. [1]
c
Evaluate whether the neon mass spectrum is physically complete, given that the atomic number of neon is 10 and stable isotopes require a neutron-to-proton ratio close to 1 for light elements. [1]
Solutions
4QuestionAtomic Number Mass Number and Nuclear SymbolAssessment Practice
3 marks~5 minCriterion B
The table below shows data for four elements.
| Element | Carbon | Oxygen | Magnesium | Calcium |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atomic number | 6 | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| Mass number | 12 | 16 | 24 | 40 |
| Number of protons | 6 | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| Number of neutrons | 6 | 8 | 12 | 20 |
a
State the relationship between atomic number and number of protons. [1]
b
Using the data, deduce the relationship between mass number, protons, and neutrons. Support your answer with two examples from the table. [1]
c
Explain why the mass number and atomic number are equal for none of these elements, yet the number of protons and neutrons happen to be equal for all four. [1]
Solutions
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