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Solubility and factors affecting it — Free MYP5 Chemistry Practice Questions
1QuestionDefinition of solubility (maximum solute in solvent)Concept Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion A
A beaker contains water and excess solid potassium nitrate () at 60°C. Undissolved solid is visible at the bottom of the beaker.
a
Identify the term that describes the maximum mass of that can dissolve in 100 g of water at 60°C. [1]
b
The beaker is heated to 80°C and the solid disappears. Deduce what this observation tells you about how temperature affects the dissolving of . [1]
Solutions
2QuestionInterpreting solubility curves (basic graph reading)Assessment Practice
2 marks~3 minCriterion B
The solubility of potassium nitrate () at selected temperatures is given below.
The solubility at 40°C is not recorded.
| Temperature (°C) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility (g per 100 g water) | 21 | 32 | 46 | 85 | 110 |
The solubility at 40°C is not recorded.
a
Calculate the solubility of at 40°C by interpolating between the data points at 30°C and 50°C. [1]
b
The data show that solubility does not increase by equal amounts for each 10°C rise. Deduce what this non-linear pattern suggests about the relationship between temperature and solubility of . [1]
Solutions
3QuestionDefinition of solubility (maximum solute in solvent)Assessment Practice
3 marks~5 minCriterion C
The table below shows the solubility of potassium nitrate () in water at four temperatures.
| Temperature (°C) | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility (g per 100 g water) | 32 | 64 | 110 | 169 |
a
State the trend in solubility of as temperature increases from 20°C to 80°C. [1]
b
Explain how increasing temperature affects the kinetic energy of particles and their ability to overcome intermolecular forces. [1]
c
A student claims that doubling the temperature always doubles the solubility of . Using the data, evaluate this claim. [1]
Solutions
4QuestionDefinition of solubility (maximum solute in solvent)Assessment Practice
6 marks~9 minCriterion D
A town applies road salt (sodium chloride, ) to icy roads each winter. Meltwater carries dissolved salt into a nearby freshwater lake. The solubility of in water at is approximately .
a
Explain how dissolving in the meltwater increases the salinity of the lake. [2]
b
Apply your understanding of solubility to explain why the solubility value alone does not allow accurate prediction of the salt concentration in the lake during summer. [2]
c
Discuss the limitations of using solubility data alone to assess the long-term environmental impact of salt runoff on the lake ecosystem, considering both physical and biological factors. [2]
Solutions
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