
Chemical Reactions and the Periodic Table
MYP Year 1 Sciences — Chemical Reactions and the Periodic Table
Every metal in your pencil case, phone and school gate was chosen for a reason — density, conductivity and resistance to rust decide whether a lump of ore ends up as a drinks can or a power cable. This topic trains you to read a data table (melting point, density, cost) and argue why a material fits a job, then to classify what's actually happening when something burns, rusts or fizzes. The command word does the heavy lifting here: Identify wants a bare fact, Describe wants that fact plus the reason it matters — mixing the two up is where most marks go missing.
Overview
This unit has two jobs: sort elements/materials by their properties (metals vs non-metals, the periodic table's layout), then explain what happens when substances actually react — rusting, burning, fizzing, cooking. Nearly every exam question hands you real data (a table of densities, melting points, costs) and asks you to reason from it, not recite a definition from memory.
- Metals and non-metals differ in a predictable set of physical properties — that predictability is what lets engineers pick materials.
- The periodic table isn't just a wall poster — its layout (groups, periods, metal/metalloid/non-metal zones) tells you how an element will behave before you even test it.
- Reactivity explains why some metals need painting and others self-protect — same chemistry (reaction with oxygen), very different outcome.
- Chemical changes are identified by evidence (gas, colour, precipitate, heat) and by one hard test: can you get the original substance back by simple physical means?
The shape of the chapter
Command terms that decide your mark in this topic
| Command term | What it demands | AO | Mark-earning move |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identify | State a fact or name, pulled from given information or recall — no explanation required. | AO1 (Knowing & understanding) | 1 mark for the correct name/property alone; adding reasoning here earns nothing extra and wastes time. |
| Describe | Give a detailed account: state the property/fact AND the reason it matters for the situation asked. | AO1/AO2 | Usually 2 marks — 1 for the property, 1 for the explanatory link ('...because...'). |
| Compare | State similarities and differences between two or more things, using the actual data given. | AO2/AO3 | Must explicitly reference both items — describing only one loses roughly half the marks. |
| Explain | Give reasons supported by evidence, showing a cause-and-effect chain. | AO2 | Needs a 'because' link; a bare statement of fact with no reasoning scores 0. |
| Outline | Give a brief summary of the main points only. | AO1 | Rewarded for breadth — one short line per point is enough, don't over-explain. |
| Distinguish | Make clear the point of difference between two related concepts. | AO2 | Reward is for the specific difference, not two separate unconnected definitions. |
Key point
Overview